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QTI Specification Documents

1EdTech Question & Test Interoperability (QTI) Specification

 

The 1EdTech Question & Test Interoperability (QTI®) specification enables the exchange of item and test content and results data between authoring tools, item banks, test construction tools, learning platforms, assessment delivery systems, and scoring/analytics engines.

 

 

QTI v3.0

 

 

QTI v2.2

 

 

QTI v2.1 

 

 

QTI v2.0

 

 

QTI v1.2

 

 

QTI v1.2 Lite

 

 

Data-SSML v1.0

QTI 3 Results Reporting and Usage Data

AfA PNP v1.0 Candidate Final

CAT v1.0

 

Conformance

A QTI Conformance Certification program and online validation tool are available for 1EdTech members to test their assessment products against the QTI specification. Contributing Members, Affiliates and e-Assessment Alliance participants have access to the tests in the eAssessment Alliance. Organizations procuring QTI products are strongly encouraged to require 1EdTech conformance certification for all such products to ensure the highest levels of interoperability are achieved across the educational community. Products that have achieved conformance certification are listed in the Product Directory.

For information about QTI, join the discussion at: Question & Test Interoperability Forum.

 

QTI 3

1EdTech Question and Test Interoperability v3.0 Final Release Specification (11 May 2022)

QTI v3 builds on the earlier versions of QTI and APIP, bringing them together into a single specification with better integration and accommodation solutions. The new specification also includes improved presentation interoperability, web-friendly markup allowing implementations to use standard web components in QTI structures and more native support for Computer Adaptive Testing and Portable Custom Interactions for technology-enhanced item creation and delivery.

 

Data-SSML

1EdTech Support for Speech Synthesis Markup Language (SSML) Using the 'data-ssml' Property Version 1.0 Final Release Specification (01 July 2024)

 

QTI 3 Results Reporting and Usage Data

1EdTech Question and Test Interoperability v3.0 Public Candidate Final Specification (20 August 2020)

The Public Candidate Final specification documents are being made available now as they are finalized and released by the QTI Project Group. Active work continues on the Results Reporting and Usage Data best practices and will be published here as soon as they are ready.

 

AfA PNP and LTI AfA PNP Connector Service

AccessForAll® Personal Needs and Preferences v3.0, Candidate Final Draft v3 (updated May 2024) (1EdTech Member Login Required)

AccessForAll® Personal Needs and Preferences v3.0, Public Candidate Final Draft v2 (updated 18 January 2021)

 

CAT 

Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT), Public Candidate Final Specification (09 November 2020)

The 1EdTech CAT v1.0 Specification is available as Public Candidate Final. The QTI project group is working to complete and define the Conformance Certification requirements, test set and documentation. Upon successful certification of multiple delivery and adaptive testing engines, the specification will be presented to the 1EdTech Technical Advisory Board for vote and approval.

 

Version 3.0 - Example Files

 

Version 3.0 - Response Processing Templates

 

1.   Packaging-Related XSDs

ID Namespace XSD File Name Schema Location
P1

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv3p0/imscp_v1p1

 imsqtiv3p0_imscpv1p2_v1p0.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v3p0/schema/xsd/imsqtiv3p0_imscpv1p2_v1p0.xsd
P2

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv3p0/imscp_extensionv1p2

 imsqtiv3p0_cpextv1p2_v1p0.xsd http://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v3p0/schema/xsd/imsqtiv3p0_cpextv1p2_v1p0.xsd

 

2.   QTI-Specific XSDs

ID Namespace XSD File Name Schema Location
Q1

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqtiasi_v3p0

 imsqti_asiv3p0_v1p0.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v3p0/schema/xsd/imsqti_asiv3p0_v1p0.xsd
Q2

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqtiasi_v3p0

 imsqti_itemv3p0_v1p0.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v3p0/schema/xsd/imsqti_itemv3p0_v1p0.xsd
Q3

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqtiasi_v3p0

 imsqti_testv3p0_v1p0.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v3p0/schema/xsd/imsqti_testv3p0_v1p0.xsd
Q4

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqtiasi_v3p0

 imsqti_sectionv3p0_v1p0.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v3p0/schema/xsd/imsqti_sectionv3p0_v1p0.xsd
Q5

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqtiasi_v3p0

 imsqti_stimulusv3p0_v1p0.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v3p0/schema/xsd/imsqti_stimulusv3p0_v1p0.xsd
Q6

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqtiasi_v3p0

 imsqti_outcomev3p0_v1p0.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v3p0/schema/xsd/imsqti_outcomev3p0_v1p0.xsd
Q7

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqtiasi_v3p0

 imsqti_responseprocessingv3p0_v1p0.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v3p0/schema/xsd/imsqti_responseprocessingv3p0_v1p0.xsd
Q8

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_result_v3p0

 imsqti_resultv3p0_v1p0.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v3p0/schema/xsd/imsqti_resultv3p0_v1p0.xsd
Q9


http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_usagedata_v3p0

 imsqti_usagedatav3p0_v1p0.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v3p0/schema/xsd/imsqti_usagedatav3p0_v1p0.xsd

 

3.   Metadata-Related XSDs

ID Namespace XSD File Name Schema Location
M1

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv3p0/imscsmd_v1p1

 imsqtiv3p0_csmv1p1_v1p0.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v3p0/schema/xsd/imsqtiv3p0_csmv1p1_v1p0.xsd
M2

http://ltsc.ieee.org/xsd/LOM

 imsmd_loose_v1p3p2.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/md/v1p3/schema/xsd/imsmd_loose_v1p3p2.xsd
M3

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_metadata_v3p0

 imsqti_metadatav3p0_v1p0.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v3p0/schema/xsd/imsqti_metadatav3p0_v1p0.xsd
M4

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv3p0/imsafa3p0drd_v1p0

 imsqtiv3p0_afa3p0drd_v1p0.xsd. https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v3p0/schema/xsd/imsqtiv3p0_afa3p0drd_v1p0.xsd

 

4.   Access for All Personal Needs & Preferences XSDs

ID Namespace XSD File Name Schema Location
A1

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qt/qtiv3p0/imsafa3p0pnp_v1p0

 imsqtiv3p0_afa3p0pnp_v1p0.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v3p0/schema/xsd/imsqtiv3p0_afa3p0pnp_v1p0.xsd

 

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5.   Other-Related XSDs

ID Namespace XSD File Name Schema Location
X1

http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace

 xml.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/w3/2001/schema/xsd/xml.xsd
X2

http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude

 XInclude.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/w3/2001/schema/xsd/XInclude.xsd
X3

http://www.w3.org/2010/Math/MathML

 mathml3.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/mathml/v3p0/schema/xsd/mathml3.xsd
X4

http://www.w3.org/2001/10/synthesis

 ssmlv1p1-core.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/ssml/v1p1/schema/xsd/ssmlv1p1-core.xsd
X5

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsvdex_v1p0

 imsvdex_v1p0.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/vdex/v1p0/schema/xsd/imsvdex_v1p0.xsd

 

6.   VDEX-based Vocabularies

ID Registered ID Vocabulary File Name Vocabulary Location
V1

http://www.imsglobal.org/qti/qtiv3p0/distractorstatisticsglossaryv1p0

 imsqti_usagedatav3p0_distractorstatisticsglossary_v1p0.xml https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v3p0/vocab/vdex/imsqti_usagedatav3p0_distractorstatisticsglossary_v1p0.xml
V2

http://www.imsglobal.org/qti/qtiv3p0/itemstatisticsglossaryv1p0

 imsqti_usagedatav3p0_itemstatisticsglossary_v1p0.xml https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v3p0/vocab/vdex/imsqti_usagedatav3p0_itemstatisticsglossary_v1p0.xml

 

QTI 2.2

 

1EdTech Question and Test Interoperability v2.2 Final Specification (1 September 2015)

An update to the QTI v2.2 specification documents including the XSDs was approved by the QTI Workgroup to correct some errors and bugs in the documentation in v2.2.4 (18 March 2021). A list of the updates and changes is available here.

 

Version 2.2 - Final Specification - All Files

 

Version 2.2 Final Specification - Examples and Schemas

 

Version 2.2 Final Specification - Response Processing Templates

 

Version 2.2 Final Specification - XML Schema Documents

This is the set of Final Release XSDs developed by 1EdTech to support validation of instances that conform to the 1EdTech Question and Test Interoperability (QTI) v2.2 specification. The namespace and schema location details for the QTIv2.2.4 XSDs are provided in the tables below.

  1. Packaging-Related XSDs - the construction of the package manifest for the zipped QTI package;
  2. QTI-Specific XSDs - definition of the accessible QTI instances, results reports and usage data statistics;
  3. Metadata-Related XSDs - the set of metadata supported in the manifest;
  4. Other Required XSDs - other XSDs required for the full validation.

The key for the following tables is:

  • "Namespace" - the namespace for the XSD (must be supplied in any XML instance referring to the corresponding XSD);
  • "XSD File Name" - the filename for the XSD;
  • "Schema Location" - the schema location for the XSD (must be supplied in any XML instance referring to the corresponding XSD).

The following set of XSDs are used for the validation of QTIv2.2:

  • P1 - used to validate the "imsmanifest.xml" file that must be present in the zipped package;
  • Q1 - used to validate a QTI instance (uses "Q2" to validate the accessibility content);
  • Q2 - used to validate the alternative accessibility content for the QTI object;
  • Q3 - used to validate the HTML5 content for the QTI object;
  • Q4 - used to validate the reporting of QTI results;
  • Q5 - used to validate the usage data statistics for presented QTI items;
  • M1 - used to validate the learning standards annotations, at the manifest and resource level, defined using the Curriculum Standards Metadata (CSM);
  • M2 - used to validate the metadata, in the "imsmanifest.xml" file, defined using IEEE LOM;
  • M3 - used to validate the QTI metadata that is associated with a QTI-based resource;
  • X1 - used to validate the xml-specific attributes;
  • X2 - used to validate the XInclude features;
  • X3 - used to validate the MathML 2 features;
  • X4 - used to validate the MathML 3 features;
  • X5 - used to validate the SSMLv1.0 features;
  • X6 - used to validate the SSMLv1.1 features.

 

1.   Packaging-Related XSDs

ID Namespace XSD File Name Schema Location
P1

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imscp_v1p1

 qtiv2p2_imscpv1p2_v1p0.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p2/qtiv2p2_imscpv1p2_v1p0.xsd

 

2.   QTI-Specific XSDs

ID Namespace XSD File Name Schema Location
Q1*

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p2

 imsqti_v2p2p4.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v2p2/schema/xsd/imsqti_v2p2p4.xsd
Q2

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/apip/apipv1p0/imsapip_qtiv1p0

 apipv1p0_qtiextv2p2_v1p0.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/profile/apip/apipv1p0/apipv1p0_qtiextv2p2_v1p0p1.xsd
Q3*

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqtiv2p2_html5_v1p0

 imsqtiv2p2p4_html5_v1p0.xsd https://purl.imsglobal.org/spec/qti/v2p2/schema/xsd/imsqtiv2p2p4_html5_v1p0.xsd
Q4

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_result_v2p2

 imsqti_result_v2p2.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p2/imsqti_result_v2p2.xsd
Q5

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_usagedata_v2p2

 imsqti_usagedata_v2p2.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p2/imsqti_usagedata_v2p2.xsd

 

3.   Metadata-Related XSDs

ID Namespace XSD File Name Schema Location
M1

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p2/imscsmd_v1p0

 qtiv2p2_csm_v2p2.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p2/qtiv2p2_csm_v2p2.xsd
M2

http://ltsc.ieee.org/xsd/LOM

 imsmd_loose_v1p3p2.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsmd_loose_v1p3p2.xsd
M3

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_metadata_v2p2

 imsqti_metadata_v2p2.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p2/imsqti_metadata_v2p2.xsd

 

4.   Other-Related XSDs

ID Namespace XSD File Name Schema Location
X1

http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace

 xml.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/w3/2001/xml.xsd
X2

http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude

 XInclude.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/w3/2001/XInclude.xsd
X3

http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML

 mathml2.xsd http://www.w3.org/Math/XMLSchema/mathml2/mathml2.xsd
X4

http://www.w3.org/2010/Math/MathML

 mathml3.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/w3/Math/XMLSchema/mathml3/mathml3.xsd
X5

http://www.w3.org/2001/10/synthesis

 ssmlv1p0.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/w3/2001/ssmlv1p0.xsd
X6

http://www.w3.org/2010/10/synthesis

 ssmlv1p1-core.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/w3/2010/ssmlv1p1-core.xsd

 

QTI 2.1

NOTE: Deprecation deadlines apply to the QTI 2.1 Certification Program: (Forum Announcement)

  1. No new QTI 2.1 product (systems & content) certifications will be issued after December 31, 2023.
  2. No recertifications for QTI 2.1 products after September 30, 2024. 
  3. All QTI 2.1 product (system) certifications will expire December 31, 2024.
  4. Existing QTI 2.1 Content certifications will remain in the product directory.
  5. The QTI 2.1 standard, including the online validator, will continue to be available on the 1EdTech website.

1EdTech Question and Test Interoperability v2.1 Final Specification (31 August 2012)
On 1 September 2016, the 1EdTech QTI Evolution and Certification Committee approved a minor change to the ASI Information Model document to correct the maxChoices attribute default setting (Section 7.1) to match the QTI v2.1 XSD.

 

Version 2.1 - Final Specification - All Files

 

Version 2.1 Final Specification - Examples and Schemas

 

The XSD files are:

 

Version 2.1 Final Specification - Glossaries

 

Version 2.1 Final Specification - Response Processing Templates

 

This is the set of Final Release XSDs developed by 1EdTech to support validation of instances that conform to the 1EdTech Question and Test Interoperability (QTI) v2.1 specification. The namespace and schema location details for the QTIv2.1 XSDs are provided in the tables below.

  1. Packaging-Related XSDs - the construction of the package manifest for the zipped QTI package;
  2. QTI-Specific XSDs - definition of the accessible QTI instances, results reports and usage data statistics;
  3. Metadata-Related XSDs - the set of metadata supported in the manifest;
  4. Other Required XSDs - other XSDs required for the full validation.

The key for the following tables is:

  • "Namespace" - the namespace for the XSD (must be supplied in any XML instance referring to the corresponding XSD);
  • "XSD File Name" - the filename for the XSD;
  • "Schema Location" - the schema location for the XSD (must be supplied in any XML instance referring to the corresponding XSD).

The following set of XSDs are used for the validation of QTIv2.1:

  • P1 - used to validate the "imsmanifest.xml" file that must be present in the zipped package;
  • Q1 - used to validate a QTI instance (uses "Q2" to validate the accessibility content);
  • Q2 - used to validate the alternative accessibility content for the QTI object;
  • Q3 - used to validate the reporting of QTI results;
  • Q4 - used to validate the usage data statistics for presented QTI items;
  • M1 - used to validate the metadata, in the "imsmanifest.xml" file, defined using IEEE LOM;
  • M2 - used to validate the QTI metadata that is associated with a QTI-based resource;
  • X1 - used to validate the xml-specific attributes;
  • X2 - used to validate the XInclude features;
  • X3 - used to validate the MathML 2 features.

1.   Packaging-Related XSDs

ID Namespace XSD File Name Schema Location
P1

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imscp_v1p1

 qtiv2p1_imscpv1p2_v1p0.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p1/qtiv2p1_imscpv1p2_v1p0.xsd

2.   QTI-Specific XSDs

ID Namespace XSD File Name Schema Location
Q1

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1

 imsqti_v2p1p2.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p1/imsqti_v2p1p2.xsd
Q2

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/apip/apipv1p0/imsapip_qtiv1p0

 apipv1p0_qtiextv2p1_v1p0.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/profile/apip/apipv1p0/apipv1p0_qtiextv2p1_v1p0.xsd
Q3

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_result_v2p1

 imsqti_result_v2p1.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p1/imsqti_result_v2p1.xsd
Q4

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_usagedata_v2p1

 imsqti_usagedata_v2p1.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p1/imsqti_usagedata_v2p1.xsd

3.   Metadata-Related XSDs

ID Namespace XSD File Name Schema Location
M1

http://ltsc.ieee.org/xsd/LOM

 imsmd_loose_v1p3p2.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsmd_loose_v1p3p2.xsd
M2

http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_metadata_v2p1

 imsqti_metadata_v2p1.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/qti/qtiv2p1/imsqti_metadata_v2p1p1.xsd

4.   Other-Related XSDs

ID Namespace XSD File Name Schema Location
X1

http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace

 xml.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/w3/2001/xml.xsd
X2

http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude

 XInclude.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/w3/2001/XInclude.xsd
X3

http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML

 mathml2.xsd http://www.w3.org/Math/XMLSchema/mathml2/mathml2.xsd

 

QTI 2.0

1EdTech Question and Test Interoperability v2.0 Final Specification

1EdTech Question and Test Interoperability v2.0 Final Specification has three key objectives:
(1) To address relevant issues deferred from v1.0: a new information model has been defined with a new interaction model and a profile of XHTML to replace static material. Authors will now have more control over the behaviour and positioning of feedback and support for cloning using item templates has been added.
(2) To define a method for putting QTI into content packages: a new document has also been created dedicated to meta-data and usage-data (item statistics)
(3) To describe a method for using QTI with Learning Design, Simple Sequencing and the CMI data model

The key document to review is the Overview which describes the purpose of the other documents in the package. The Information Model document contains the detailed information, examples are provided and documented through the Implementation Guide. For those familiar with version 1.x the Migration Guide describes the differences, element by element. An experimental migration script has also been provided.

It should be noted that this specification is focusing on the Item. It is not updating Section and Assessment from v1.x, see the Overview document for more details.

 

Version 2 - Final Specification - HTML

 

Version 2.0 - Final Specification - PDF

 

Version 2.0 -1EdTech XML Examples and Schemas

 

Version 2.0 -Response Processing Templates

 

QTI 1.2

The 1EdTech Question & Test Interoperability Specification provides proposed standard XML language for describing questions and tests. The specification has been produced to allow the interoperability of content within assessment systems. This will be useful for publishers, certification authorities, teachers, trainers, publishers and creators of assessments, and the software vendors whose tools they use. Authoring tools, and publishers, may publish XML and this data can be imported into other authoring tools and delivery systems. An introduction to help you with your initial learning curve has been produced in the form of a white paper.

An Addendum to 1EdTech QTI v1.2 was reviewed by the 1EdTech Technical Advisory Board in March 2003. This addendum describes amendments that should be made by adopters of the 1EdTech QTI Specification V1.2, thereby creating the 1EdTech QTI V1.2.1 Specification. The differences between the V1.2 and the V1.2.1 specifications are limited to:

  • Typographic corrections - corrections of spelling mistakes, wrong references, phraseology, etc.;
  • Editorial additions - the provision of improved or new descriptions to clarify the specification;
  • Functional corrections - changes to the functionality to correct mistakes and to clarify the intended capability of the specification.

 

Version 1.2.1 - Final Specification- Addendum - HTML

 

Version 1.2.1 -1EdTech XML Examples, and DTDs

 

Version 1.2 - Final Specification - HTML

Version 1.2 -1EdTech XML Examples, XSDs and DTDs

Below are DTDs for IBM. For the full set of DTDs (Unix, Mac and PC) download them from the specification download page.

* Note the v1.2 XSD's are now deprecated. Use v1.2.1 xsd's instead*

 

QTI 1.2 Lite

Version 1.2 Lite- Final Specification - HTML

Version 1.2 Lite- DTDs

 

Below is DTD for IBM. For the full set of DTDs (Unix, Mac and PC) download them from the specification download page.

 

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